Causes
Common Causes
- Aging and wear and tear causing natural degeneration of spinal discs and joints
- Bone spurs forming extra bone growth that can irritate surrounding tissues
- Disc degeneration including drying, shrinking, or herniation of spinal discs
- Postural stress from poor posture or repetitive movements contributing to spinal strain
- Previous injury or trauma that accelerates degenerative changes
SYMPTOMS
Symptoms to Watch For
- Stiffness or tightness along the spine
- Aching or discomfort in affected spinal regions
- Reduced flexibility or difficulty twisting and bending
- Pain that may worsen with prolonged sitting, standing, or certain movements
- In rare cases, nerve irritation causing numbness or tingling
Diagnosis
How It’s Diagnosed
- Physical exam evaluating spinal motion, posture, and tenderness
- Imaging tests such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans to assess disc health, bone spurs, and spinal alignment
Treatment Options
Non‑surgical / Lifestyle Approaches:
- Physical therapy and exercises to strengthen back muscles and improve flexibility
- Posture correction and ergonomic adjustments
- Over-the-counter or prescription medications for pain relief
- Activity modification to reduce strain on the spine
Advanced Treatments:
- Surgery is rarely needed and may be considered only if conservative treatments fail or if severe spinal nerve compression develops