Causes
Common Causes
- Aging & Wear and Tear: Natural changes in the spine over time
- Herniated Discs: Bulging discs pressing on nerves
- Bone Spurs: Extra bone growth that narrows the spinal canal
- Thickened Ligaments: Overgrowth of supportive tissues
- Injury or Trauma: Damage to the spine can worsen narrowing
- Genetics: Some people are born with a narrower spinal canal
SYMPTOMS
Symptoms to Watch For
- Back or neck pain and stiffness
- Pain that radiates to arms, legs, or buttocks
- Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the limbs
- Difficulty with balance, walking, or coordination
- In severe cases, problems with bladder or bowel control (rare)
Diagnosis
How It’s Diagnosed
Doctors typically perform a physical exam and order imaging such as MRI or CT scans. In some cases, a nerve test (EMG) may be used to check for nerve damage.
Treatment Options
Non‑surgical / Lifestyle Approaches:
- Physical therapy
- Medications
- Activity changes
- Spinal injections
Advanced Treatments:
- Laminectomy: To create space in the spinal canal to relieve pressure on the spinal cord and nerves
- Spinal fusion: Stabilizes the spine after decompression to maintain alignment